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Savant syndrome is a condition in which a person with a mental disability, such as an autism spectrum disorder, demonstrates profound and prodigious capacities or abilities far in excess of what would be considered normal.〔 People with savant syndrome may have neurodevelopmental disorders, notably autism spectrum disorders, or brain injuries. The most dramatic examples of savant syndrome occur in individuals who score very low on IQ tests, while demonstrating exceptional skills or brilliance in specific areas, such as rapid calculation, art, memory, or musical ability.〔''Psychology in Action Eighth Edition'', John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (2007), p. 314. Retrieved 2013-02-12.〕 Although termed a syndrome, it is not recognized as a mental disorder nor as part of a mental disorder in medical manuals such as the ICD-10〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ICD 10 )〕 or the DSM-5. Another form of savant syndrome is acquired savant syndrome, in which a person acquires prodigious capabilities or skills following dementia, a head injury or severe blow to the head, or other disturbance. This syndrome is rarer, with a study by Darold Treffert in 2010 showing that in a registry of 319 known savants, only 32 had acquired savant syndrome. ==Characteristics== Savant skills are usually found in one or more of five major areas: art, musical abilities, calendar calculation, arithmetic, and spatial skills. The most common kind of autistic savants are calendrical savants, "human calendars" who can calculate the day of the week for any given date with speed and accuracy. Memory feats are the second most common savant skill in a survey.〔 Approximately half of savants are autistic; the other half often have some form of central nervous system injury or disease.〔 Among those with autism, it is estimated that 10% have some form of savant abilities.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「savant syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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